smartcardlogon.c

 
#include <string.h>
 
#include <winpr/error.h>
#include <winpr/ncrypt.h>
#include <winpr/string.h>
#include <winpr/wlog.h>
#include <winpr/crypto.h>
#include <winpr/path.h>
 
#include <freerdp/log.h>
#include <freerdp/freerdp.h>
#include <winpr/print.h>
 
#include <freerdp/utils/smartcardlogon.h>
#include <freerdp/crypto/crypto.h>
#include <freerdp/utils/helpers.h>
 
#include <openssl/obj_mac.h>
 
#define TAG FREERDP_TAG("smartcardlogon")
 
struct SmartcardKeyInfo_st
{
  char* certPath;
  char* keyPath;
};
 
static void delete_file(char* path)
{
  if (!path)
    return;
 
  /* Overwrite data in files before deletion */
  {
    FILE* fp = winpr_fopen(path, "r+");
    if (fp)
    {
      const char buffer[8192] = WINPR_C_ARRAY_INIT;
      INT64 size = 0;
      int rs = _fseeki64(fp, 0, SEEK_END);
      if (rs == 0)
        size = _ftelli64(fp);
      if (_fseeki64(fp, 0, SEEK_SET) == 0)
      {
        for (INT64 x = 0; x < size; x += sizeof(buffer))
        {
          const size_t dnmemb = (size_t)(size - x);
          const size_t nmemb = MIN(sizeof(buffer), dnmemb);
          const size_t count = fwrite(buffer, nmemb, 1, fp);
          if (count != 1)
            break;
        }
      }
 
      (void)fclose(fp);
    }
  }
 
  winpr_DeleteFile(path);
  free(path);
}
 
static void smartcardKeyInfo_Free(SmartcardKeyInfo* key_info)
{
  if (!key_info)
    return;
 
  delete_file(key_info->certPath);
  delete_file(key_info->keyPath);
 
  free(key_info);
}
 
void smartcardCertInfo_Free(SmartcardCertInfo* scCert)
{
  if (!scCert)
    return;
 
  free(scCert->csp);
  free(scCert->reader);
  freerdp_certificate_free(scCert->certificate);
  free(scCert->pkinitArgs);
  free(scCert->keyName);
  free(scCert->containerName);
  free(scCert->upn);
  free(scCert->userHint);
  free(scCert->domainHint);
  free(scCert->subject);
  free(scCert->issuer);
  smartcardKeyInfo_Free(scCert->key_info);
 
  free(scCert);
}
 
void smartcardCertList_Free(SmartcardCertInfo** pscCert, size_t count)
{
  if (!pscCert)
    return;
 
  for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++)
  {
    SmartcardCertInfo* cert = pscCert[i];
    smartcardCertInfo_Free(cert);
  }
 
  free((void*)pscCert);
}
 
WINPR_ATTR_NODISCARD
static BOOL add_cert_to_list(SmartcardCertInfo*** certInfoList, size_t* count,
                             SmartcardCertInfo* certInfo)
{
  size_t curCount = *count;
  SmartcardCertInfo** curInfoList = *certInfoList;
 
  /* Check if the certificate is already in the list */
  for (size_t i = 0; i < curCount; ++i)
  {
    if (_wcscmp(curInfoList[i]->containerName, certInfo->containerName) == 0)
    {
      smartcardCertInfo_Free(certInfo);
      return TRUE;
    }
  }
 
  {
    SmartcardCertInfo** tmpInfoList = (SmartcardCertInfo**)realloc(
        (void*)curInfoList, sizeof(SmartcardCertInfo*) * (curCount + 1));
    if (!tmpInfoList)
    {
      WLog_ERR(TAG, "unable to reallocate certs");
      return FALSE;
    }
    curInfoList = tmpInfoList;
  }
 
  curInfoList[curCount++] = certInfo;
  *certInfoList = curInfoList;
  *count = curCount;
  return TRUE;
}
 
WINPR_ATTR_NODISCARD
static BOOL treat_sc_cert(SmartcardCertInfo* scCert)
{
  WINPR_ASSERT(scCert);
 
  scCert->upn = freerdp_certificate_get_upn(scCert->certificate);
  if (!scCert->upn)
  {
    WLog_DBG(TAG, "%s has no UPN, trying emailAddress", scCert->keyName);
    scCert->upn = freerdp_certificate_get_email(scCert->certificate);
  }
 
  if (scCert->upn)
  {
    size_t userLen = 0;
    const char* atPos = strchr(scCert->upn, '@');
 
    if (!atPos)
    {
      WLog_ERR(TAG, "invalid UPN, for key %s (no @)", scCert->keyName);
      return FALSE;
    }
 
    userLen = (size_t)(atPos - scCert->upn);
    scCert->userHint = malloc(userLen + 1);
    scCert->domainHint = _strdup(atPos + 1);
 
    if (!scCert->userHint || !scCert->domainHint)
    {
      WLog_ERR(TAG, "error allocating userHint or domainHint, for key %s", scCert->keyName);
      return FALSE;
    }
 
    memcpy(scCert->userHint, scCert->upn, userLen);
    scCert->userHint[userLen] = 0;
  }
 
  scCert->subject = freerdp_certificate_get_subject(scCert->certificate);
  scCert->issuer = freerdp_certificate_get_issuer(scCert->certificate);
  return TRUE;
}
 
WINPR_ATTR_NODISCARD
static BOOL set_info_certificate(SmartcardCertInfo* cert, BYTE* certBytes, DWORD cbCertBytes,
                                 const char* userFilter, const char* domainFilter)
{
  if (!winpr_Digest(WINPR_MD_SHA1, certBytes, cbCertBytes, cert->sha1Hash,
                    sizeof(cert->sha1Hash)))
  {
    WLog_ERR(TAG, "unable to compute certificate sha1 for key %s", cert->keyName);
    return FALSE;
  }
 
  cert->certificate = freerdp_certificate_new_from_der(certBytes, cbCertBytes);
  if (!cert->certificate)
  {
    WLog_ERR(TAG, "unable to parse X509 certificate for key %s", cert->keyName);
    return FALSE;
  }
 
  if (!freerdp_certificate_check_eku(cert->certificate, NID_ms_smartcard_login))
  {
    WLog_DBG(TAG, "discarding certificate without Smartcard Login EKU for key %s",
             cert->keyName);
    return FALSE;
  }
 
  if (!treat_sc_cert(cert))
  {
    WLog_DBG(TAG, "error treating cert");
    return FALSE;
  }
 
  if (userFilter && (!cert->upn || (strcmp(cert->upn, userFilter) != 0)))
  {
    if (cert->userHint && strcmp(cert->userHint, userFilter) != 0)
    {
      WLog_DBG(TAG, "discarding non matching cert by user %s@%s", cert->userHint,
               cert->domainHint);
      return FALSE;
    }
  }
 
  if (domainFilter && cert->domainHint)
  {
    /* Try exact domain match. */
    BOOL domainMatch = strcmp(cert->domainHint, domainFilter) == 0;
    if (!domainMatch)
    {
      /* If our filter is a windows domain name and the hint in the cert a FQDN
       * then check if the first segment matches.
       * e.g. internal == internal.mydomain.com should match
       */
      const char* dot = strchr(cert->domainHint, '.');
      const char* ddot = strchr(domainFilter, '.');
      if (!ddot && dot)
      {
        const size_t filterLen = strlen(domainFilter);
        const size_t hlen = WINPR_ASSERTING_INT_CAST(size_t, (dot - cert->domainHint));
        if ((hlen == filterLen) && (strncmp(domainFilter, cert->domainHint, hlen) == 0))
          domainMatch = TRUE;
      }
    }
    if (!domainMatch)
    {
      WLog_DBG(TAG, "discarding non matching cert by domain(%s) %s@%s", domainFilter,
               cert->userHint, cert->domainHint);
      return FALSE;
    }
  }
 
  return TRUE;
}
 
#ifndef _WIN32
WINPR_ATTR_NODISCARD
static BOOL build_pkinit_args(NCRYPT_PROV_HANDLE provider, SmartcardCertInfo* scCert)
{
  /* pkinit args only under windows
   *    PKCS11:module_name=opensc-pkcs11.so
   */
  const char* pkModule = winpr_NCryptGetModulePath(provider);
  size_t size = 0;
 
  /* Extract the PKCS#11 CKA_ID from keyName (format: <slotIdHex><certIdHex>)
   * and pass it as certid= so that MIT krb5's PKINIT module can select the
   * correct certificate when multiple certificates are present on the token.
   */
  const char* certId = nullptr;
  if (scCert->keyName)
  {
    const char* secondBackslash = strchr(scCert->keyName + 1, '\\');
    if (secondBackslash)
      certId = secondBackslash + 1;
  }
 
  if (certId && *certId)
    return (winpr_asprintf(&scCert->pkinitArgs, &size,
                           "PKCS11:module_name=%s:slotid=%" PRIu16 ":certid=%s", pkModule,
                           (UINT16)scCert->slotId, certId) > 0);
 
  return (winpr_asprintf(&scCert->pkinitArgs, &size, "PKCS11:module_name=%s:slotid=%" PRIu16,
                         pkModule, (UINT16)scCert->slotId) > 0);
}
#endif /* _WIN32 */
 
#ifdef _WIN32
WINPR_ATTR_NODISCARD
static BOOL list_capi_provider_keys(const rdpSettings* settings, LPCWSTR csp, LPCWSTR scope,
                                    const char* userFilter, const char* domainFilter,
                                    SmartcardCertInfo*** pcerts, size_t* pcount)
{
  BOOL ret = FALSE;
  HCRYPTKEY hKey = 0;
  HCRYPTPROV hProvider = 0;
  SmartcardCertInfo* cert = nullptr;
  BYTE* certBytes = nullptr;
  CHAR* readerName = nullptr;
 
  if (!CryptAcquireContextW(&hProvider, scope, csp, PROV_RSA_FULL, CRYPT_SILENT))
  {
    WLog_DBG(TAG, "Unable to acquire context: %d", GetLastError());
    goto out;
  }
 
  cert = calloc(1, sizeof(SmartcardCertInfo));
  if (!cert)
    goto out;
 
  cert->csp = _wcsdup(csp);
  if (!cert->csp)
    goto out;
 
  /* ====== retrieve key's reader ====== */
  DWORD dwDataLen = 0;
  if (!CryptGetProvParam(hProvider, PP_SMARTCARD_READER, nullptr, &dwDataLen, 0))
  {
    WLog_DBG(TAG, "Unable to get provider param: %d", GetLastError());
    goto out;
  }
 
  readerName = malloc(dwDataLen);
  if (!readerName)
    goto out;
 
  if (!CryptGetProvParam(hProvider, PP_SMARTCARD_READER, readerName, &dwDataLen, 0))
  {
    WLog_DBG(TAG, "Unable to get reader name: %d", GetLastError());
    goto out;
  }
 
  cert->reader = ConvertUtf8ToWCharAlloc(readerName, nullptr);
  if (!cert->reader)
    goto out;
 
  /* ====== retrieve key container name ====== */
  dwDataLen = 0;
  if (!CryptGetProvParam(hProvider, PP_CONTAINER, nullptr, &dwDataLen, 0))
  {
    WLog_DBG(TAG, "Unable to get provider param: %d", GetLastError());
    goto out;
  }
 
  cert->keyName = malloc(dwDataLen);
  if (!cert->keyName)
    goto out;
 
  if (!CryptGetProvParam(hProvider, PP_CONTAINER, cert->keyName, &dwDataLen, 0))
  {
    WLog_DBG(TAG, "Unable to get container name: %d", GetLastError());
    goto out;
  }
 
  cert->containerName = ConvertUtf8ToWCharAlloc(cert->keyName, nullptr);
  if (!cert->containerName)
    goto out;
 
  /* ========= retrieve the certificate ===============*/
  if (!CryptGetUserKey(hProvider, AT_KEYEXCHANGE, &hKey))
  {
    WLog_DBG(TAG, "Unable to get user key for %s: %d", cert->keyName, GetLastError());
    goto out;
  }
 
  dwDataLen = 0;
  if (!CryptGetKeyParam(hKey, KP_CERTIFICATE, nullptr, &dwDataLen, 0))
  {
    WLog_DBG(TAG, "Unable to get key param for key %s: %d", cert->keyName, GetLastError());
    goto out;
  }
 
  certBytes = malloc(dwDataLen);
  if (!certBytes)
  {
    WLog_ERR(TAG, "unable to allocate %" PRIu32 " certBytes for key %s", dwDataLen,
             cert->keyName);
    goto out;
  }
 
  if (!CryptGetKeyParam(hKey, KP_CERTIFICATE, certBytes, &dwDataLen, 0))
  {
    WLog_ERR(TAG, "unable to retrieve certificate for key %s", cert->keyName);
    goto out;
  }
 
  if (!set_info_certificate(cert, certBytes, dwDataLen, userFilter, domainFilter))
    goto out;
 
  if (!add_cert_to_list(pcerts, pcount, cert))
    goto out;
 
  ret = TRUE;
 
out:
  free(readerName);
  free(certBytes);
  if (hKey)
    CryptDestroyKey(hKey);
  if (hProvider)
    CryptReleaseContext(hProvider, 0);
  if (!ret)
    smartcardCertInfo_Free(cert);
  return ret;
}
#endif /* _WIN32 */
 
WINPR_ATTR_NODISCARD
static BOOL list_provider_keys(WINPR_ATTR_UNUSED const rdpSettings* settings,
                               NCRYPT_PROV_HANDLE provider, LPCWSTR csp, LPCWSTR scope,
                               const char* userFilter, const char* domainFilter,
                               SmartcardCertInfo*** pcerts, size_t* pcount)
{
  BOOL ret = FALSE;
  NCryptKeyName* keyName = nullptr;
  PVOID enumState = nullptr;
  SmartcardCertInfo** cert_list = *pcerts;
  size_t count = *pcount;
 
  while (NCryptEnumKeys(provider, scope, &keyName, &enumState, NCRYPT_SILENT_FLAG) ==
         ERROR_SUCCESS)
  {
    NCRYPT_KEY_HANDLE phKey = 0;
    PBYTE certBytes = nullptr;
    DWORD dwFlags = NCRYPT_SILENT_FLAG;
    DWORD cbOutput = 0;
    SmartcardCertInfo* cert = nullptr;
    BOOL haveError = TRUE;
    SECURITY_STATUS status = 0;
 
    cert = calloc(1, sizeof(SmartcardCertInfo));
    if (!cert)
      goto out;
 
    cert->keyName = ConvertWCharToUtf8Alloc(keyName->pszName, nullptr);
    if (!cert->keyName)
      goto endofloop;
 
    WLog_DBG(TAG, "opening key %s", cert->keyName);
 
    status =
        NCryptOpenKey(provider, &phKey, keyName->pszName, keyName->dwLegacyKeySpec, dwFlags);
    if (status != ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
      WLog_DBG(TAG,
               "unable to NCryptOpenKey(dwLegacyKeySpec=0x%08" PRIx32 " dwFlags=0x%08" PRIx32
               "), status=%s, skipping",
               keyName->dwLegacyKeySpec, keyName->dwFlags,
               winpr_NCryptSecurityStatusError(status));
      goto endofloop;
    }
 
    cert->csp = _wcsdup(csp);
    if (!cert->csp)
      goto endofloop;
 
#ifndef _WIN32
    status = NCryptGetProperty(phKey, NCRYPT_WINPR_SLOTID, (PBYTE)&cert->slotId, 4, &cbOutput,
                               dwFlags);
    if (status != ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
      WLog_ERR(TAG, "unable to retrieve slotId for key %s, status=%s", cert->keyName,
               winpr_NCryptSecurityStatusError(status));
      goto endofloop;
    }
#endif /* _WIN32 */
 
    /* ====== retrieve key's reader ====== */
    cbOutput = 0;
    status = NCryptGetProperty(phKey, NCRYPT_READER_PROPERTY, nullptr, 0, &cbOutput, dwFlags);
    if (status != ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
      WLog_DBG(TAG, "unable to retrieve reader's name length for key %s", cert->keyName);
      goto endofloop;
    }
 
    cert->reader = calloc(1, cbOutput + 2);
    if (!cert->reader)
    {
      WLog_ERR(TAG, "unable to allocate reader's name for key %s", cert->keyName);
      goto endofloop;
    }
 
    status = NCryptGetProperty(phKey, NCRYPT_READER_PROPERTY, (PBYTE)cert->reader, cbOutput + 2,
                               &cbOutput, dwFlags);
    if (status != ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
      WLog_ERR(TAG, "unable to retrieve reader's name for key %s", cert->keyName);
      goto endofloop;
    }
 
    /* ====== retrieve key container name ====== */
    /* When using PKCS11, this will try to return what Windows would use for the key's name */
    cbOutput = 0;
    status = NCryptGetProperty(phKey, NCRYPT_NAME_PROPERTY, nullptr, 0, &cbOutput, dwFlags);
    if (status == ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
      cert->containerName = calloc(1, cbOutput + sizeof(WCHAR));
      if (!cert->containerName)
      {
        WLog_ERR(TAG, "unable to allocate key container name for key %s", cert->keyName);
        goto endofloop;
      }
 
      status = NCryptGetProperty(phKey, NCRYPT_NAME_PROPERTY, (BYTE*)cert->containerName,
                                 cbOutput, &cbOutput, dwFlags);
    }
 
    if (status != ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
      WLog_ERR(TAG, "unable to retrieve key container name for key %s", cert->keyName);
      goto endofloop;
    }
 
    /* ========= retrieve the certificate ===============*/
    cbOutput = 0;
    status =
        NCryptGetProperty(phKey, NCRYPT_CERTIFICATE_PROPERTY, nullptr, 0, &cbOutput, dwFlags);
    if (status != ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
      /* can happen that key don't have certificates */
      WLog_DBG(TAG, "unable to retrieve certificate property len, status=%s, skipping",
               winpr_NCryptSecurityStatusError(status));
      goto endofloop;
    }
 
    certBytes = calloc(1, cbOutput);
    if (!certBytes)
    {
      WLog_ERR(TAG, "unable to allocate %" PRIu32 " certBytes for key %s", cbOutput,
               cert->keyName);
      goto endofloop;
    }
 
    status = NCryptGetProperty(phKey, NCRYPT_CERTIFICATE_PROPERTY, certBytes, cbOutput,
                               &cbOutput, dwFlags);
    if (status != ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
      WLog_ERR(TAG, "unable to retrieve certificate for key %s", cert->keyName);
      goto endofloop;
    }
 
    if (!set_info_certificate(cert, certBytes, cbOutput, userFilter, domainFilter))
      goto endofloop;
 
#ifndef _WIN32
    if (!build_pkinit_args(provider, cert))
    {
      WLog_ERR(TAG, "error build pkinit args");
      goto endofloop;
    }
#endif
    haveError = FALSE;
 
  endofloop:
    free(certBytes);
    NCryptFreeBuffer(keyName);
    if (phKey)
      NCryptFreeObject((NCRYPT_HANDLE)phKey);
 
    if (haveError)
      smartcardCertInfo_Free(cert);
    else
    {
      if (!add_cert_to_list(&cert_list, &count, cert))
        goto out;
    }
  }
 
  ret = TRUE;
out:
  if (count == 0)
  {
    char cspa[128] = WINPR_C_ARRAY_INIT;
 
    (void)ConvertWCharToUtf8(csp, cspa, sizeof(cspa));
    char scopea[128] = WINPR_C_ARRAY_INIT;
    (void)ConvertWCharToUtf8(scope, scopea, sizeof(scopea));
    WLog_WARN(TAG, "%s [%s] no certificates found", cspa, scopea);
  }
  *pcount = count;
  *pcerts = cert_list;
  NCryptFreeBuffer(enumState);
  return ret;
}
 
WINPR_ATTR_NODISCARD
static BOOL smartcard_hw_enumerateCerts(const rdpSettings* settings, LPCWSTR csp,
                                        const char* reader, const char* userFilter,
                                        const char* domainFilter, SmartcardCertInfo*** scCerts,
                                        size_t* retCount)
{
  BOOL ret = FALSE;
  LPWSTR scope = nullptr;
  NCRYPT_PROV_HANDLE provider = 0;
  SECURITY_STATUS status = 0;
  size_t count = 0;
  SmartcardCertInfo** cert_list = nullptr;
  const char* Pkcs11Module = freerdp_settings_get_string(settings, FreeRDP_Pkcs11Module);
 
  WINPR_ASSERT(scCerts);
  WINPR_ASSERT(retCount);
 
  if (reader)
  {
    char* scopeStr = nullptr;
    size_t scopeStrLen = 0;
    winpr_asprintf(&scopeStr, &scopeStrLen, "\\\\.\\%s\\", reader);
    if (!scopeStr)
      goto out;
 
    scope = ConvertUtf8NToWCharAlloc(scopeStr, scopeStrLen, nullptr);
    free(scopeStr);
 
    if (!scope)
      goto out;
  }
 
  if (Pkcs11Module)
  {
    /* load a unique CSP by pkcs11 module path */
    LPCSTR paths[] = { Pkcs11Module, nullptr };
 
    if (!csp)
      csp = MS_SMART_CARD_KEY_STORAGE_PROVIDER;
 
    status = winpr_NCryptOpenStorageProviderEx(&provider, csp, 0, paths);
    if (status != ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
      WLog_ERR(TAG, "unable to open provider given by pkcs11 module");
      goto out;
    }
 
    status = list_provider_keys(settings, provider, csp, scope, userFilter, domainFilter,
                                &cert_list, &count);
    NCryptFreeObject((NCRYPT_HANDLE)provider);
    if (!status)
    {
      WLog_ERR(TAG, "error listing keys from CSP loaded from %s", Pkcs11Module);
      goto out;
    }
  }
  else
  {
    NCryptProviderName* names = nullptr;
    DWORD nproviders = 0;
 
#ifdef _WIN32
    /* On Windows, mstsc first enumerates the legacy CAPI providers for usable certificates. */
    DWORD provType, cbProvName = 0;
    for (DWORD i = 0; CryptEnumProvidersW(i, nullptr, 0, &provType, nullptr, &cbProvName); ++i)
    {
      char providerNameStr[256] = WINPR_C_ARRAY_INIT;
      LPWSTR szProvName = malloc(cbProvName * sizeof(WCHAR));
      if (!CryptEnumProvidersW(i, nullptr, 0, &provType, szProvName, &cbProvName))
      {
        free(szProvName);
        break;
      }
 
      if (ConvertWCharToUtf8(szProvName, providerNameStr, ARRAYSIZE(providerNameStr)) < 0)
      {
        (void)_snprintf(providerNameStr, sizeof(providerNameStr), "<unknown>");
        WLog_ERR(TAG, "unable to convert provider name to char*, will show it as '%s'",
                 providerNameStr);
      }
 
      WLog_DBG(TAG, "exploring CSP '%s'", providerNameStr);
      if (provType != PROV_RSA_FULL || (csp && _wcscmp(szProvName, csp) != 0))
      {
        WLog_DBG(TAG, "CSP '%s' filtered out", providerNameStr);
        goto end_of_loop;
      }
 
      if (!list_capi_provider_keys(settings, szProvName, scope, userFilter, domainFilter,
                                   &cert_list, &count))
        WLog_INFO(TAG, "error when retrieving keys in CSP '%s'", providerNameStr);
 
    end_of_loop:
      free(szProvName);
    }
#endif
 
    status = NCryptEnumStorageProviders(&nproviders, &names, NCRYPT_SILENT_FLAG);
    if (status != ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
      WLog_ERR(TAG, "error listing providers");
      goto out;
    }
 
    for (DWORD i = 0; i < nproviders; i++)
    {
      char providerNameStr[256] = WINPR_C_ARRAY_INIT;
      const NCryptProviderName* name = &names[i];
 
      if (ConvertWCharToUtf8(name->pszName, providerNameStr, ARRAYSIZE(providerNameStr)) < 0)
      {
        (void)_snprintf(providerNameStr, sizeof(providerNameStr), "<unknown>");
        WLog_ERR(TAG, "unable to convert provider name to char*, will show it as '%s'",
                 providerNameStr);
      }
 
      WLog_DBG(TAG, "exploring CSP '%s'", providerNameStr);
      if (csp && _wcscmp(name->pszName, csp) != 0)
      {
        WLog_DBG(TAG, "CSP '%s' filtered out", providerNameStr);
        continue;
      }
 
      status = NCryptOpenStorageProvider(&provider, name->pszName, 0);
      if (status != ERROR_SUCCESS)
        continue;
 
      if (!list_provider_keys(settings, provider, name->pszName, scope, userFilter,
                              domainFilter, &cert_list, &count))
        WLog_INFO(TAG, "error when retrieving keys in CSP '%s'", providerNameStr);
 
      NCryptFreeObject((NCRYPT_HANDLE)provider);
    }
 
    NCryptFreeBuffer(names);
  }
 
  *scCerts = cert_list;
  *retCount = count;
  ret = TRUE;
 
out:
  if (!ret)
    smartcardCertList_Free(cert_list, count);
  free(scope);
  return ret;
}
 
WINPR_ATTR_MALLOC(free, 1)
static char* create_temporary_file(void)
{
  BYTE buffer[32] = WINPR_C_ARRAY_INIT;
  char* path = nullptr;
 
  if (winpr_RAND(buffer, sizeof(buffer)) < 0)
    return nullptr;
 
  char* hex = winpr_BinToHexString(buffer, sizeof(buffer), FALSE);
  if (hex)
    path = GetKnownSubPath(KNOWN_PATH_TEMP, hex);
  free(hex);
  return path;
}
 
WINPR_ATTR_MALLOC(smartcardCertInfo_Free, 1)
static SmartcardCertInfo* smartcardCertInfo_New(const char* privKeyPEM, const char* certPEM)
{
  size_t size = 0;
 
  WINPR_ASSERT(privKeyPEM);
  WINPR_ASSERT(certPEM);
 
  SmartcardCertInfo* cert = calloc(1, sizeof(SmartcardCertInfo));
  if (!cert)
    goto fail;
 
  {
    SmartcardKeyInfo* info = cert->key_info = calloc(1, sizeof(SmartcardKeyInfo));
    if (!info)
      goto fail;
 
    cert->certificate = freerdp_certificate_new_from_pem(certPEM);
    if (!cert->certificate)
    {
      WLog_ERR(TAG, "unable to read smartcard certificate");
      goto fail;
    }
 
    if (!treat_sc_cert(cert))
    {
      WLog_ERR(TAG, "unable to treat smartcard certificate");
      goto fail;
    }
 
    /* The hardware path fills sha1Hash in set_info_certificate(); this software path has to
     * as well. identity_set_from_smartcard_hash() marshals the hash into a CERT_CREDENTIAL_INFO
     * and LSA resolves the certificate by it, so a zeroed hash matches nothing and CredSSP
     * fails without pointing at the emulated card. Compute it from the DER. */
    {
      size_t derLen = 0;
      BYTE* der = freerdp_certificate_get_der(cert->certificate, &derLen);
      const BOOL hashed =
          der && (derLen > 0) &&
          winpr_Digest(WINPR_MD_SHA1, der, derLen, cert->sha1Hash, sizeof(cert->sha1Hash));
      free(der);
      if (!hashed)
      {
        WLog_ERR(TAG, "unable to compute sha1 of the emulated smartcard certificate");
        goto fail;
      }
    }
 
    {
      char* str = nullptr;
      size_t len = 0;
      (void)winpr_asprintf(&str, &len, "%s Emulator", freerdp_getApplicationDetailsString());
      if (str)
        cert->reader = ConvertUtf8NToWCharAlloc(str, len, nullptr);
      free(str);
    }
    if (!cert->reader)
      goto fail;
 
    cert->containerName = ConvertUtf8ToWCharAlloc("Private Key 00", nullptr);
    if (!cert->containerName)
      goto fail;
 
    /* compute PKINIT args FILE:<cert file>,<key file>
     *
     * We need files for PKINIT to read, so write the certificate to some
     * temporary location and use that.
     */
    info->keyPath = create_temporary_file();
    WLog_DBG(TAG, "writing PKINIT key to %s", info->keyPath);
    if (!crypto_write_pem(info->keyPath, privKeyPEM, strlen(privKeyPEM)))
      goto fail;
 
    info->certPath = create_temporary_file();
    WLog_DBG(TAG, "writing PKINIT cert to %s", info->certPath);
    if (!crypto_write_pem(info->certPath, certPEM, strlen(certPEM)))
      goto fail;
 
    {
      const int res = winpr_asprintf(&cert->pkinitArgs, &size, "FILE:%s,%s", info->certPath,
                                     info->keyPath);
      if (res <= 0)
        goto fail;
    }
  }
 
  return cert;
fail:
  smartcardCertInfo_Free(cert);
  return nullptr;
}
 
WINPR_ATTR_NODISCARD
static BOOL smartcard_sw_enumerateCerts(const rdpSettings* settings, SmartcardCertInfo*** scCerts,
                                        size_t* retCount)
{
  BOOL rc = FALSE;
  SmartcardCertInfo** cert_list = nullptr;
 
  WINPR_ASSERT(settings);
  WINPR_ASSERT(scCerts);
  WINPR_ASSERT(retCount);
 
  const char* privKeyPEM = freerdp_settings_get_string(settings, FreeRDP_SmartcardPrivateKey);
  const char* certPEM = freerdp_settings_get_string(settings, FreeRDP_SmartcardCertificate);
  if (!privKeyPEM)
  {
    WLog_ERR(TAG, "Invalid smartcard private key PEM, aborting");
    goto out_error;
  }
  if (!certPEM)
  {
    WLog_ERR(TAG, "Invalid smartcard certificate PEM, aborting");
    goto out_error;
  }
 
  cert_list = (SmartcardCertInfo**)calloc(1, sizeof(SmartcardCertInfo*));
  if (!cert_list)
    goto out_error;
 
  {
    SmartcardCertInfo* cert = smartcardCertInfo_New(privKeyPEM, certPEM);
    if (!cert)
      goto out_error;
    cert_list[0] = cert;
  }
 
  rc = TRUE;
  *scCerts = cert_list;
  *retCount = 1;
 
out_error:
  if (!rc)
    smartcardCertList_Free(cert_list, 1);
  return rc;
}
 
BOOL smartcard_enumerateCerts(const rdpSettings* settings, SmartcardCertInfo*** scCerts,
                              size_t* retCount, BOOL gateway)
{
  BOOL ret = 0;
  LPWSTR csp = nullptr;
  const char* ReaderName = freerdp_settings_get_string(settings, FreeRDP_ReaderName);
  const char* CspName = freerdp_settings_get_string(settings, FreeRDP_CspName);
  const char* Username = nullptr;
  const char* Domain = nullptr;
 
  if (gateway)
  {
    Username = freerdp_settings_get_string(settings, FreeRDP_GatewayUsername);
    Domain = freerdp_settings_get_string(settings, FreeRDP_GatewayDomain);
  }
  else
  {
    Username = freerdp_settings_get_string(settings, FreeRDP_Username);
    Domain = freerdp_settings_get_string(settings, FreeRDP_Domain);
  }
 
  WINPR_ASSERT(settings);
  WINPR_ASSERT(scCerts);
  WINPR_ASSERT(retCount);
 
  if (Domain && !strlen(Domain))
    Domain = nullptr;
 
  if (freerdp_settings_get_bool(settings, FreeRDP_SmartcardEmulation))
    return smartcard_sw_enumerateCerts(settings, scCerts, retCount);
 
  if (CspName && (!(csp = ConvertUtf8ToWCharAlloc(CspName, nullptr))))
  {
    WLog_ERR(TAG, "error while converting CSP to WCHAR");
    return FALSE;
  }
 
  ret =
      smartcard_hw_enumerateCerts(settings, csp, ReaderName, Username, Domain, scCerts, retCount);
  free(csp);
  return ret;
}
 
WINPR_ATTR_NODISCARD
static BOOL set_settings_from_smartcard(rdpSettings* settings, FreeRDP_Settings_Keys_String id,
                                        const char* value)
{
  WINPR_ASSERT(settings);
 
  if (!freerdp_settings_get_string(settings, id) && value)
    if (!freerdp_settings_set_string(settings, id, value))
      return FALSE;
 
  return TRUE;
}
 
BOOL smartcard_getCert(const rdpContext* context, SmartcardCertInfo** cert, BOOL gateway)
{
  WINPR_ASSERT(context);
 
  const freerdp* instance = context->instance;
  rdpSettings* settings = context->settings;
  SmartcardCertInfo** cert_list = nullptr;
  size_t count = 0;
 
  WINPR_ASSERT(instance);
  WINPR_ASSERT(settings);
 
  if (!smartcard_enumerateCerts(settings, &cert_list, &count, gateway))
    return FALSE;
 
  if (count < 1)
  {
    WLog_ERR(TAG, "no suitable smartcard certificates were found");
    return FALSE;
  }
 
  if (count > UINT32_MAX)
  {
    WLog_ERR(TAG, "smartcard certificate count %" PRIuz " exceeds UINT32_MAX", count);
    return FALSE;
  }
 
  if (count > 1)
  {
    DWORD index = 0;
 
    if (!instance->ChooseSmartcard ||
        !instance->ChooseSmartcard(context->instance, cert_list, (UINT32)count, &index,
                                   gateway))
    {
      WLog_ERR(TAG, "more than one suitable smartcard certificate was found");
      smartcardCertList_Free(cert_list, count);
      return FALSE;
    }
    *cert = cert_list[index];
 
    for (DWORD i = 0; i < index; i++)
      smartcardCertInfo_Free(cert_list[i]);
    for (DWORD i = index + 1; i < count; i++)
      smartcardCertInfo_Free(cert_list[i]);
  }
  else
    *cert = cert_list[0];
 
  FreeRDP_Settings_Keys_String username_setting =
      gateway ? FreeRDP_GatewayUsername : FreeRDP_Username;
  FreeRDP_Settings_Keys_String domain_setting = gateway ? FreeRDP_GatewayDomain : FreeRDP_Domain;
 
  free((void*)cert_list);
 
  if (!set_settings_from_smartcard(settings, username_setting, (*cert)->userHint) ||
      !set_settings_from_smartcard(settings, domain_setting, (*cert)->domainHint))
  {
    WLog_ERR(TAG, "unable to set settings from smartcard!");
    smartcardCertInfo_Free(*cert);
    return FALSE;
  }
 
  return TRUE;
}